![]() However, a wide discrepancy in the dilution of the cercariae between replicates was found for gammarids. In the laboratory conditions used, all experimental animals diluted the cercariae of bird schistosome. It has been hypothesized that alien species with different feeding habits (scrapers, filterers and predators) that cohabit the aquatic environment with intermediate hosts of the schistosomatid trematodes are capable of feeding on their free-swimming stages-cercariae. Our aim was to check the suitability of selected alien species (the snail Physa acuta, the bivalve Dreissena pol-ymorpha, and the gammarid Dikerogammarus villosus) as diluents for infectious bird schistosome cer-cariae-the etiological factor of swimmer's itch. Research on alien and invasive species focuses on the direct effects of invasion on native ecosystems, and the possible positive effects of their presence are most often overlooked. This study provides important data on the occurrence of dermatitis causing cercariae infection among local lymnaeidae snails, encouraging effective management, and control measures for this zoonotic infectious disease. Our results clearly confirmed that the detected furcocercous cercariae belonged to the genus Trichobilharzia and displayed the highest homology to T. In addition, phylogenetic tree analyses of both loci revealed similar results the emerging cercariae were consistently clustered together with Trichobilharzia regenti. Our molecular analyses demonstrated that the emerging cercariae showed most similarity to either the 28S ribosomal RNA gene (28S rDNA) or cytochrome oxidase C subunit 1 gene (cox1 or COI) sequences to those of Trichobilharzia species. Only one type of furcocercous cercaria was observed to emerge from six infected snails (1.2%). The snails were examined for avian blood fluke infection by the cercarial shedding technique followed by morphological and molecular characterization. Overall 500 Radix (Lymnaea) rubiginosa (Michelin, 1831) were collected from freshwater reservoirs near Phayao Lake in San Kwan village in Phayao, Thailand, from October to December 2020. ![]() Therefore, the objective of this study was to preliminarily investigate the presence of larval blood fluke infection among local lymnaeidae snails in Phayao by the incorporation of morphological and molecular methods. Very little is known regarding the occurrence of dermatitis-causing cercariae in Thailand. Among the schistosomatid trematodes, avian schistosomes are the most responsible for cercarial dermatitis. It is considered as a zoonotic water-borne skin condition that is found globally. Cercarial dermatitis or swimmer's itch is an allergic skin reaction caused by penetrating cercaria of animal blood flukes.
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